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Smart Card …
Smart cards, small portable credit card shaped devices, each have an internal integrated circuit (IC). The combination of the small size and IC make them valuable tools for security, data storage, and special applications.
Smart cards can provide different security-level options ranging from simple access control to complex data encryption. For example, employees can enter controlled buildings by passing their smart-card badges in front of a reader. Stored keys on smart cards can allow users to log on to networks.
Smart cards offer virtually unlimited application possibilities. Storage capacity is a maximum of 128 kilobytes (KB) per card, but this is more than adequate for storing:
- Personal Information
- Electronic purse transactions
- Personal authentication information
- Personal finance transactions
- Loyalty program information
Some applications require more powerful smart cards containing memory and logic for handling larger tasks. Microprocessor smart cards run their own operating system (OS). Programmers can develop complex programs in common programming languages and a known application program interface (API). Special smart-card microprocessor applications can target specific tasks, such as launching a support website configured to a specific user's needs.
This article provides an overview of smart-card technology and explores some of the consumer applications currently in use.
Smart-Card Applications
Smart cards have their roots in security functions, so several smart-card applications are related to security issues. Typical applications include:
- Identification
- Network access
- Network security
- Electronic purses
- Special applications
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